Hybrid refinery process turns plant material into industrially important chemical

Researchers developed a hybrid process that converts lignin, a complex plant biopolymer, into adipic acid, a key ingredient in nylon, with high yields. This breakthrough, published in Nature on June 10, 2026, offers a novel pathway for valorizing lignin, a widely available but underutilized component of plant biomass. The process combines catalytic and microbial methods to efficiently break down lignin's recalcitrant structure and synthesize adipic acid. Previous methods for lignin conversion often suffered from low yields or required harsh chemical treatments. This new hybrid approach addresses these limitations by leveraging the strengths of both chemical catalysis and biocatalysis. The successful production of adipic acid, a chemical with an annual global demand exceeding 2.5 million metric tons, from lignin signifies a significant step towards a more sustainable chemical industry. Lignin, which constitutes 15-30% of lignocellulosic biomass, is a major byproduct of the paper and biofuel industries, making its conversion into valuable chemicals an attractive prospect for circular economy initiatives. The researchers reported yields of adipic acid that are competitive with current petrochemical-based production methods, suggesting the potential for economic viability. This advancement could reduce reliance on fossil fuels for nylon production and create new revenue streams for biorefineries.