Driven by Steel Production, China’s Belt and Road Construction Carries a Heavy Climate Cost

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) carries a significant climate cost, with over half of its associated greenhouse gas emissions originating from steel production, predominantly in China. Two new studies highlight the urgent need for robust regulations and incentives to mitigate emissions from Chinese manufacturing. The BRI, the largest ongoing infrastructure program globally, relies heavily on steel, a material whose production is a major source of carbon dioxide. The research indicates that without stronger environmental policies, the climate impact of such large-scale projects will continue to escalate. The studies suggest that focusing on cleaner steel production methods and implementing stricter emissions standards within China are crucial steps to reduce the BRI's environmental footprint. These measures could involve promoting the use of green hydrogen in steelmaking, increasing energy efficiency in furnaces, and investing in carbon capture technologies. Without these interventions, the global effort to combat climate change will be further challenged by the emissions generated from extensive infrastructure development.